|
Committee on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems
Scope
The IAHR-Committee on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems
deals with the advancement of technology associated with the understanding
of steady and unsteady flow characteristics in hydraulic machinery
and conduit systems connected to the machinery. The technology elements
include the fluid behaviour within machine components, hydro-elastic
behaviour of machine components, cavitation, and two phase flow
in turbines and pumps, hydraulic machine and plant control systems,
the use of hydraulic machines to improve water quality, and even
considerations to improve fish survival in their passage through
hydro plants. Included in two phase pumping are gas oil pumps and
sand laden water. Because model tests and laboratory tests carried
out in laboratories must be scaled down from the prototypes, studies
of size and pressure scale effects are also a central research field.
The research work in the Committee forms the basic study for the IEC
standards code dealing with hydraulic machinery for hydroelectric
power plants.
The main emphases of the IAHR Committee on Hydraulic Machinery and
Systems are to stimulate research and understanding of the technologies
associated with hydraulic machinery and to promote interaction between
the machine designers, machine users, the academic community, and
the community at large. Hydraulic machinery is both cost effective
and environmentally responsible. The increasing atmospheric content
of carbon dioxide related to pollution from thermal power plants,
is one of the most significant threats to our global ecology. The
problem is exacerbated by the need for increased energy production
in third world countries. This results in rising global temperatures
and dramatic changes in climate which may also result in flooding
in parts of our globe. Energy conservation together with replacement
of coal and oil-fired power plants are, therefore, needed. The development
and installation of more efficient hydroelectric power plants which
work hand in hand with water storage and flood protection is part
of this strategy. Waterpower is the most significant “renewable
resource”. The goals of this IAHR Committee are to improve the
value of hydraulic machinery to the end user and to society and
to improve society’s understanding and appreciation of that
value.
To meet its objectives, the Committee focuses on the best possible
exchange of technical knowledge through collegial contacts by arranging
Committee Symposia every second year, between the IAHR Congresses.
The Symposia are designed to attract scientists and engineers from
industry, universities, consultants and users of hydraulic machinery.
In addition, specialised symposia are organised focusing on the
subjects of its 4 working groups: WG1 – “Behaviour of
Hydraulic Machinery Under Steady Oscillatory Conditions”; WG2
– “Similitude for Cavitation Model Testing of Hydraulic
Machinery”; WG3 – “The Scale Effect on Performance
and Efficiency of Hydraulic Turbines and Pumps”; WG4 –
“Use of Numerical Flow Simulation for the Prediction of Losses
in, and Therefore the Performance of, Hydraulic Machines”.
The Committee on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems will stimulate the
following activities through its symposia and working groups:
1. The production of “environmentally friendly” turbines
with higher efficiencies, wider operating ranges, smoother operating
characteristics, and increased life-spans for new hydropower installations.
2. The upgrading, uprating, and life extension of existing hydropower
facilities.
3. The production of inexpensive small hydro.
4. The production of large pumping systems for transport of water
for drinking and irrigation, for cooling in thermal power plants
and for pumped-storage applications.
5. The production of improved digital systems for cost effective
and environmentally effective plant operation, maintenance, and
energy recovery.
 back
to top
Research
Agenda
The continuous development
seen in the standard topics like performance, cavitation, scale-up
and unsteady phenomena should progress to a more advanced level,
especially through improved computational methods and measuring
techniques. Because hydropower is often exposed to public scrutiny
it is also necessary to reduce any adverse effects from hydraulic
energy generation and also to explain the benefits to experts in
other fields and to the general public. Therefore, research and
development in the future shall also consider biological aspects
and generally take into account the interaction between hydraulic
machines, their surrounding structures, and the environment. Key
elements of the research agenda are:
Flow analysis within machines:
The viscous 3-D numerical simulation of steady-state flows in turbines
and pumps and the resultant refined knowledge of internal flow physics
have led to a significant improvement in the performance characteristics
of hydraulic machines. Further improvements in the operating qualities
and performance of hydraulic machines can be made using advances
in computational modelling. Faster computers, improved computational
methods, advances in turbulence modelling, and the inclusion of
unsteady multi-phase flow physics in the “Numerical Laboratory,”
combined and correlated with laser doppler and dynamic pressure
measurements of rotating and stationary parts in turbines in the
“physical Model Laboratory” will provide the basis for
these improvements. Analyses accounting for unsteady 3-D viscous
flows including the interaction between stationary and rotating
components will be a central research theme in the future. The activities
of WG 4 will use advanced flow analysis technologies to advance
the state of the art in understanding scale effects.
Machinery and systems under steady
oscillatory flow: The increased size
and head of machines with higher rotational speed can lead to problems
of a dynamic character. Dynamic analyses in frequency and time domain
for control and behaviour of machines as well as hydro-elastic analyses
of pipes and turbine structural components are main activities currently
being studied. The most important parts of these analyses may be
the study of unsteady behaviour of diffuser flow in turbines and
pumps and high frequency interference in the rotating and stationary
cascades. The activities of WG 1 stimulate research and an interchange
of ideas on these subjects.
Water column separation and transient
flow: The work in this field will continue,
including further research on two-phase flow operation of pumps
and turbines and taking into account the dynamic behaviour of conduit
systems.
Scale effect: The
efficiency of pumps and turbines is normally measured on scale models,
and is assumed to be valid for the prototype, after adjustment for
scale by the effect formula. In this field, the need for research
is great because of the need for an improved scale effect formula
in the IEC TC4 code dealing with standards for efficiency measurement
of water turbines. Basic research work is also underway for specific
scaling relationships for the various losses in a turbine. The activities
of WG 3 and WG 4 stimulate research and an interchange of ideas
on this subject.
Cavitation and erosion and corrosion:
The influence of water quality and sediment on cavitation, erosion,
and corrosion and their effects on machine performance and materials
remain the subject of great interest to designers and users of hydro
machinery. This Committee includes research related to the above in
its activities. The activities of WG 2 stimulate research and an
interchange of ideas on these subjects.
Other activities: Future
activities will include research on pumps dealing with two-phase
flow and non-linear problems solved by new techniques such as chaos
theory. Draft tube flow appears to be one of the subjects suitable
to be studied by such methods. As a consequence of the wishes of
hydro plant owners for improved reliability and reduced downtime,
considerations for the future will also include the development
of new materials and manufacturing methods for hydraulic machines,
as well as the analytic tools for design and evaluation of machine
components. Research to improve the environmental friendliness of
hydraulic machines will become a significant theme, including methodologies
for increasing fish passage survival and for reducing water borne
pollution. Methodologies for sensing and diagnosing impending plant
problems and for making recommendations for mitigation are also
subjects of growing interest.
back
to top
Committee Officers
Leadership Team
Chair
 |
Prof. E. Egusquiza
Center Industrial Diagnostics
Polytechnical University Catalonia
Avda. Diagonal 647
E-08028 Barcelona
SPAIN
phone: +34 93 401 6714
fax: +34 93 401 5812
e-mail: egusquiza@mf.upc.es |
Vice Chair
 |
To be announced |
Past Chair
 |
Prof. F. Avellan, Dr. Ing.
Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
EPFL Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne
Avenue de Cour 33 bis
CH-1007 Lausanne
SWITZERLAND
phone: +41 21 693 25 24
fax: +41 21 693 35 54
e-mail: francois.avellan@epfl.ch |
back
to top
Publications
- 25th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems, Timisoara, Romania, Sep. 20-24, 2010
- 24th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems, October 27-31, 2008, Foz do Iguassu, Brazil. Book of abstracts + CD-ROM. Available at: iahrmachinery2008@gmail.com
- 23rd IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems, Yokohama, Japan, October 17-21, 2006 (CD). Order at our E-SHOP.
- 22nd IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems, June 29 - July 2, 2004. Stockholm – Sweden. E-mail: brittmaria.persson@swedpower.vattenfall.se
- 21st IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems, Lausanne, Switzerland, September 9-12, 2002. From: Henri-Pascal Mombelli, EPL-IMHEF-LMH, Avenue de Cour 33bis, 1007 Lausanne, Switzerland. Fax: +41 21 693 35 54 E-mail: henri-pascal.mombelli@epfl.ch
- The Behaviour of Hydraulic Machinery under Steady Oscillatory Conditions, Trondheim, Norway, June 26-28, 2001. Euro 100. From: Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU). NTNU-ITEV, attn. W. Johansen, Alfred Getz v.4, 7491 Trondheim, Norway. Fax: +47 73 59 3854 or E-mail: iahr2001@maskin.ntnu.no
- 20th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation, Charlotte (NC), USA, August 6-9, 2000. Proceedings on CD’s, US$ 195 each. IAHR Secretariat.
- 19th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation, September 9-11, 1998. 2 vol.s. Asia & Pacific US$ 70, RO: US$ 85 (include. P&P). The Environmental Engineering Society of Singapore, Kent Ridge, P.O. Box 1007, Singapore 911101. E-mail : kheeyang@mbox2.singnet.com.sg
- 18th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation, Valencia, Spain, September 16-19, 1996. From Ms.Amparo López, Unidad Docente Mecánica de Fluidos (U.D.M.F.), Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Apartado de Correos 22012, 46071 Valencia, Spain.
- 17th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation, Beijing, China, September 15-19, 1994. From International Research Centre on Hydraulic Machinery (Beijing), 7 Baishengcun, Zizhuyuannan, Beijing, China. Price: US$ 95,-, 4 volumes.
- 16th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation, Sao Paulo, Brazil, September 14-18, 1992. From Av. Prof. Lucio Martins Rodrigues, 120, Cidade Universitaria, 05508, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Modelling, Testing & Monitoring for Hydro Power Plants, Lausanne, Switzerland, July 8-11, 1996. From A. Bartle, MTM Conference, Hydropower & Dams, Westmead House, Westmead Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM1 4JH, UK.
Course on "3-D velocity-vorticity measuring and data analysis techniques Switzerland, September 3-6, 1996. From IHW, ETH-Hönggerberg, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- 15th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation, Belgrade, Yugoslavia, September 11-14, 1990. From Prof. S. Pejovic, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Belgrade, 27 marta 80, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia
- 14th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation, Trondheim, Norway, June 20-23, 1988. From TAPIR Publisher, The Norwegian Institute of Technology, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway
Int. Symposium on Large Hydraulic Machinery and Associated Equipments, Beijing, China, May 28-31, 1989. Members: NLG 196,-: Non-members NLG 245,-. From A.A. Balkema Publishers.
- 13th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation, Montreal, Canada, September 2-5, 1986, 3 volumes. From Symposium IAHR-86, Mr Jacques Perreault, Société d'Energie de la Baie James, Montréal, Québec, Canada H2L 4M8
- 11th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation
- 10th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation, Tokyo (1980). Available at the IAHR Secretariat.
- 7th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation, Vienna (1974). Available at the IAHR Secretariat.
- 3rd Int. Conference on Water Pipeline Systems, The Hague, The Netherlands, May 13-15, 1997. From Ms. J. Aldridge, BHR Group Ltd., The Fluid Engineering Centre, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AJ U.K.
- 8th Int. Meeting of the Work Group on The Behaviour of Hydraulic Machinery onder steady Oscillatory Conditions, Chatou, Paris, France, 15-17 September 1997. From Mr. Jean-Francois Lauro, Electricité de France, Direction des Etudes et Recherches, Departement Machines, IAHR WG1 Meeting, 6, quai Watier BP 49, 78401 Chatou Cédex, France.
back
to top
Reports
- Committee Report 2008-2009
- Minutes Iguassu Meeting 2008
- Proceedings of the 25th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems, Timisoara, Romania, Sep. 20-24, 2010
- Chariman's Report Venice 2007
- Minutes Yokohama Executive Committee Meeting, October, 2006
- Chair’s Report, July 2003
- Executive Committee Meeting, September 9,
2002, in Lausanne – Minutes
- Classics and Fashion in Fluid Machinery, October
18-20, 2002, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Conference Report
- Chair's Report, 2004
- 2006 Committee Meeting, Yokohama
- Executive Committee Meeting 19th october, 2006, Yokohama, Japan
- Minutes of the meeting of the Section Executive Committe. (Stockholm, June 29 2004)
back
to top
|